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上期翻译答案
The new studyhadtoo few participants to say what personal characteristics make someone more likely to produce high levels of carboxylic acids—and there’s no easy way to test your own skin’s carboxylic acid levels outside of the laboratory, Vosshall says.
沃斯霍尔说，参与这项新研究的人太少，无法说明是由于个人的什么特质导致容易产生大量羧酸——而且在实验室之外也没有简单易行的方法来测量皮肤的羧酸水平。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
The authors conducted a series of surveys with more than 600 American employees and found that while job insecure workers may indeed be motivated to try to improve their performance andadheremore closely to company policies, the stress, frustration, resentment, and exhaustion associated with this insecurity create acognitive loadthatcounteractsany positive effect on performance or rule-following.
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Job insecure workers are also more likely to focus on making their contributions visible rather than on actually doing valuable work, and some even hide information or intentionallysabotagetheir coworkers to make themselves look better in comparison. Worse yet, many of these behaviors spark vicious cycles that further reduce perceptions of job security. As such, the authors argue that fostering a sense of job insecurity isn’t just cruel — it’s often counterproductive.
缺乏工作安全感的人也更有可能把重心放在让别人看到自己的工作贡献上，而不是真正做有价值的工作，有些人为了让自己看上去表现得比别人更好，甚至隐瞒信息，故意破坏同事的工作。更糟的是，这些行为会引发恶性循环，进一步降低人们的工作安全感。因此，作者认为，有意产生一种工作不安全感不仅残忍，而且往往适得其反。
According to a recent poll, 15% of U.S. workers today feel at risk of losing their jobs (despite actual unemployment rates remaining at record low levels). And this is no accident: Studies have shown that many workplaces intentionallystokefears of job loss in an attempt to motivate workers and reduce costs, since job insecure workers may be less likely to demand raises and other benefits. Indeed, organizations such as Facebook and General Electric have made no secret of their strategic use of the threat of job loss to boost performance, despite the well-documented negative effects of job insecurity on employees’ sense of social connection, identity, and physical and mental health.
根据最近的一项民意调查，15%的美国员工如今感到会有失去工作的风险。（尽管实际失业率仍然处于历史低位)。这并非偶然：研究表明，许多工作单位会故意引发人们对失业的担忧，以激励员工并降低成本，因为没有工作安全感的员工可能不太可能要求加薪或其他福利。事实上，像脸书和通用电气等公司已经正大光明地使用失业威胁战略来提高绩效，尽管有充分的证据表明工作不安全感对员工的社会联系感、身份认同和身心健康有负面影响。
The impact on employee well-being is clearly problematic. But moral issues aside, we were curious about whether this approach actually works when it comes to boosting performance. So, we conducted a series of surveys with more than 600 American employees across a wide variety of industries to explore the relationship between perceived job insecurity and workplace behaviors — and we found that while job insecurity might boost certain short-term performance metrics, overall, it’s a serious net negative for employees and organizations alike.
对员工幸福感的影响显然是有问题的。但把道德问题放一边，我们很好奇这种方法在提高绩效方面是否真的有效。因此，我们对来自各行各业的600多名美国员工进行了一系列调查，来探索工作不安全感和在公司的行为之间的关系。我们发现，虽然工作不安全感可能会提高某些短期绩效指标，但总体而言，它对员工和企业来说都会造成严重的负面影响。
When workers are worried about losing their jobs, their performance doesn’t improve, they break more rules, and they focus on selling themselves, often to thedetrimentof their teams and their organizations. Of course, there’s no eliminating job insecurity entirely — but our research suggests that whether they’re motivated by boosting well-being or performance, leaders should do what they can to help employees feel confident and secure in their roles.
当员工担心失去工作时，他们的表现不会提高，他们会打破更多的规则，专注于表现自己，通常会对他们的团队和公司形成破坏。当然，不可能完全消除工作的不安全感——但我们的研究表明，无论他们是否因提高幸福感或绩效而受到激励，领导层都应该尽其所能帮助员工在自己的岗位上建立自信和安全感。
本文节选自：Harvard Business Review（哈佛商业评论）
发布时间：2022.09.26
作者：Mindy Shoss
原文标题：Job Insecurity Harms Both Employees and Employers
词汇积累
1. adhere
/ədˈhɪə/
v. 黏附，附着; 遵守，遵循(规定或协议); 拥护，持有(观点或信仰)
2. counteract
/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/
v. 抵制，抵消，中和
3.sabotage
/ˈsæbəˌtɑːʒ/
v. 蓄意破坏，故意毁坏; 妨碍，捣乱，阻挠
n. 蓄意毁坏; 刻意阻碍
4.stoke
/stəʊk/
vt.拨旺火；使饱吃一顿
5. detriment
/ˈdɛtrɪmənt/
n. 损害，伤害; 造成损害(或损伤)的事物
词组搭配
1.cognitive load 认知负载
写作句总结
Worse yet, many of these behaviors spark vicious cycles that further reduce perceptions of job security.
结构: Worse yet, many of these behaviors spark vicious cycles that further ….
更糟的是，这些行为会引发恶性循环，进一步…
例句: Worse yet, many of these behaviors spark vicious cycles that further affect air quality.
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